ὅτε

ὅτε, also Cypr., Inscr.Cypr.135.1 H., [dialect] Dor. [full] ὅκα, [dialect] Aeol. [full] ὄτα (qq. v.), Relat. Adv., formed from the Relat. stem ὁ- and τε (v. τε B), answering to demonstr. τότε and interrog. πότε; prop. of Time, but sts. passing into a causal sense (cf. ὁπότε).

A of Time, when, at the time when,

I Constr.:

1 with ind. to denote single events or actions in past time, with [tense] impf. or [tense] aor., when, Il.1.397,432, etc.: rarely with [tense] plpf., 5.392: the Verb is sts. to be repeated from the apodosis, Καλλίξενος δὲ κατελθών, ὅ. καὶ οἱ ἐκ Πειραιῶς (sc. κατῆλθον) X.HG1.7.35: freq. in ellipt. phrases, πῇ ἔβαν εὐχωλαί, ὅ. δὴ φάμεν εἶναι ἄριστοι; whither are gone the boasts, [which we made] when we said . . ? Il.8.229: so after Verbs of perception and the like , ἦ οὐ μέμνῃ, ὅ. τ' ἐκρέμω . . ; rememberest thou not [the time] when . . ? 15.18, cf. 21.396, Od.24.115, Ar.V.354, Th.2.21, etc.; ἄκουσα εὐχομένης ὅτ' ἔφησθα . . Il.1.397, cf. Pl.Lg.782c;

οὐδ' ἔλαθ' Αἴαντα Ζεύς, ὅ. δὴ Τρώεσσι δίδου . . νίκην Il.17.627

.

b with [tense] pres., of a thing always happening or now going on, 2.471;

νῦν, ὅ . . . σοι ὀξέως ὑπακούω X.Cyr.2.4.6

;

ᾔδεα μὲν γὰρ ὅ. . . Δαναοῖσιν ἄμυνεν, οἶδα δὲ νῦν ὅ. τοὺς . . κυδάνει Il.14.71

.

c rarely with [tense] fut., of a definite future, Od.18.272.

2 with opt., to denote repeated events or actions in past time, ἔνθα πάρος κοιμᾶθ', ὅ. μιν γλυκὺς ὕπνος ἱκάνοι whenever, as often as, Il.1.610, cf. Od.8.87, etc.;

ὅ. δή Il.3.216

.

b sts. of future events which are represented as uncertain, in clauses dependent on a Verb in the opt. or subj.,

οὐκ ἄν τοι χραίσμῃ κίθαρις . . , ὅτ' ἐν κονίῃσι μιγείης 3.55

, cf. 18.465, 21.429, A.Eu.726.

c ὅ. μή, in early authors always with opt., for εἰ μή, unless, except, save when, Il.13.319, Od.16.197, Arist.Pol.1277a24: used by A.R. with subj., 1.245, 4.409.

3 with subj., only in [dialect] Ep. and Lyr., Il.4.259, 19.337, 21.323, etc., prob. in A.Ag.766(lyr.).

II Special usages:

1 in Hom. to introduce a simile, ὡς δ' ὅτε as when, mostly with subj., Il. 2.147, 4.130,141, 6.506, al.: sts. with ind., 16.364, 21.12: the Verb must freq. be supplied from the context, as in 2.394, 4.462.

2 in the [dialect] Ep. phrase πρίν γ' ὅτε δή . . , ἤ is omitted before ὅτε, 9.488, 12.437, cf. Od.13.322.

III ὅτε with other Particles,

1 ὅτ' ἄν, ὅτε κεν, v. ὅταν.

2 ὅτε δή and ὅτε δή ῥα, stronger than ὅτε, freq. in Hom. and Hes.,

ὅτε δή Il.5.65

, al., Hes.Th.280, al.;

ὅτε δή ῥα Il.4.446

, al., Hes. Th.58,al.; v. infr. IV. I; so

ὅτ' ἄρ' Il.10.540

.

3 ὅτε τε (where τε is otiose, v. τε B. I) 2.471, 10.83, etc.

4 ὅτε περ even when, 5.802, 14.319, al., Hdt.5.99, Th.1.8, etc.;

ὅτε πέρ τε Il.4.259

, 10.7.

IV the proper correl. Adv. is τότε, as ὅ. δὴ . . , τότε δὴ . . 10.365;

ὅ. δή ῥ' . . , δὴ τότε 23.721

; ὅ. δὴ . . , καὶ τότε δὴ . . 22.208;

ὅ. δή ῥα . . , καὶ τότ' ἄρ' 24.31

: for τότε we sts. have ἔπειτα, 3.221; αὐτίκα δ', 4.210; δὲ . . , 5.438; also νῦν . . , ὅ . . . S.Aj.710 (lyr.), etc.; μεθύστερον, ὅ. . . Id.Tr.711; ἤματι τῷ, ὅ . . . Il.2.743, etc.; so in [dialect] Att., ἦν ποτε χρόνος, ὅ . . . Pl.Prt.320c, cf. Phd.75a, Hdt.1.160.

2 elliptical in the phrase ἔστιν ὅ. or ἔσθ' ὅ., there are times when, sometimes, now and then, ἔστι ὅ. Id.2.120; ἔστιν ὅ. Pl.Phd.62a; ἔσθ' ὅ. S.Aj.56 (v. infr. c).

B ὅτε sts. has a causal sense, when, seeing that, mostly with [tense] pres. ind., Il.16.433 (v.l. ὅ τε)

ὅ. δή 20.29

; and in Trag. and [dialect] Att. Prose, as S.Aj.1095, OT918, Pl.Smp.206b, R.581e, Prt.356c, Sph.254b, etc.; so

ὅ. γε Hdt.5.92

.ά: with [tense] pf. used as [tense] pres., S.Ph.428, Ar.Nu. 34.

2 sts. where ὥστε would be more usual,

οὕτω . . πόρρω κλέος ἥκει, ὅ. καὶ βασιλεὺς ἠρώτησεν Id.Ach.647

.

C [full] ὁτέ Indef. Adv., sometimes, now and then, used like ποτέ at the beginning of each of two corresponding clauses, now . . , now . . , sometimes . . , sometimes . . (not in early Prose, ὁτὲ μὲν . . , ὁτὲ δὲ . . Arist. Pol.1290a4, al.), ὁτὲ μὲν . . , ἄλλοτε . . Il.20.49sq.; ὁτὲ μὲν . . , ἄλλοτε δ' αὖ . . 18.599 sq.; ὁτὲ μέν τε . . , ἄλλοτε δὲ . . 11.64; ὁτὲ μὲν . . , ὁτὲ δ' αὖτε . . A.R.1.1270; ὁτὲ μέν τε . . , ὅτ' αὖ . . Id.3.1300; ὁτὲ μὲν . . , ποτὲ δὲ . . Plb.6.20.8; ὁτὲ μὲν . . , ὁτὲ δὲ . . , καὶ ἄλλοτε . . D.L.2.106; ὁτὲ μὲν . . , πάλιν δὲ . . Arist.EN1100a28; ἐνίοτε μὲν . . , ὁτὲ δὲ . . Id.Mete.360b3; ὁτὲ μὲν . . , ἢ . . Id.Po.1448a21 (s. v.l.): also reversely, ἄλλοτε μὲν . . , ὁτὲ δὲ . . Il.11.568; also ὁτὲ δέ in the second clause, without any correlative in the first, 17.178; S. joins

ἔσθ' ὅτε . . , ὅτ' ἄλλοτ' ἄλλον Aj.56

; ὁτὲ δέ alone, at the beginning of a clause, X.Cyn.5.8 and 20, 9.8 and 20. ====

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ὅτε, neut. of ὅστε: also [dialect] Ion. masc. for ὅστε,

A v. ὅς, ἥ, ὅ.